Food Security in India Class 9 Assertion Reason CBSE Economics Chapter 4

A1: Assertion-Reason questions are a type of question format used in CBSE exams where two statements are provided: an Assertion (A) and a Reason (R). Students need to determine whether each statement is true or false and if the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.

A2: Unlike multiple-choice questions, Assertion-Reason questions require students to analyze the relationship between two statements. It’s not just about knowing the facts but understanding how they connect logically.

A3: Follow these steps:
Read both statements carefully. Understand what each statement is saying.
Determine the truth value of each statement. Decide if each statement is true or false independently.
Analyze the relationship. If both statements are true, decide whether the Reason (R) correctly explains the Assertion (A).
Choose the correct option. Based on your analysis, select the appropriate answer from the given options.

A4: The typical options are:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.

A5: Ensure that the Reason provides a logical explanation for the Assertion. Check if the Reason directly addresses the cause or basis of the Assertion and if they are contextually linked.

A6: Practice regularly with sample questions and past papers. Focus on understanding the concepts thoroughly rather than rote memorization. Analyzing how different facts and concepts interrelate will enhance your ability to correctly answer these questions.

A7: Common mistakes include:
Not reading the statements carefully and missing key details.
Assuming the Reason explains the Assertion without checking the logical connection.
Confusing the order or relationship between the statements.
Overthinking and adding information not provided in the question.

A8: Contextual understanding is crucial. It helps you determine whether the Reason accurately and logically explains the Assertion within the context of the subject matter.

A9: Use study guides specifically designed for Assertion-Reason questions. Online educational platforms and reference books for Class 9 Social Science also offer practice questions and explanations. xamcontent.com also provides assertion reason questions for cbse class 9 social science.

A10: Important keywords for CBSE Class 9 Food Security in India are given below:
Food Security: It means availability, accessibility and affordability of food to all people at all times.
Buffer Stock: Stock built by the FCI by procuring foodgrains from the farmers.
Chronic Hunger: It happens as a consequence of inadequate diet in terms of quantity or quality.
Rationing: A system of distribution of a fixed quantity of a commodity which is sold to an identified beneficiary who is known as ration card holder.
Subsidy: A government grant to supplies of goods and services. These can keep consumer price low while maintaining a higher income for domestic products.
Issue Price: Price at which the government provides foodgrains to the poorer section of society.
Minimum Support Price: A minimum price guaranteed by the government, at this price the government provides to purchase any quantity offered for sale.
Green Revolution: Refers to tremendous increase in agricultural output and productivity that comes out with the introduction of new agricultural technology.
Public Distribution System: Ration shops throughout the country which distribute foodgrains and other essential goods at affordable prices

A11: Increase in production and distribution of milk and milk products.

A12: The three kinds of ration cards issued in India are
(a) Antyodaya cards for the poorest of poor.
(b) BPL cards for those below poverty line.
(c) APL cards for all others.

A13: Price declared by the government, before sowing season, to provide incentives to the farmers for rising production.

A14: There are various problems of the functioning of ration shops, such as
(a) Ration cards are issued only to those people who have their proper residential addresses. Hence, a large number of homeless poor fail to get ration from these shops.
(b) The owners of these shops sell ration in the open market at higher prices.
(c) Sometimes shopkeepers make bogus entries in the ration cards

A15: When there is a disaster or a calamity, the production of foodgrains decreases in the affected area. This, in turn, creates a shortage of food in the area. Due to the food shortage, the prices go up. The raised prices of food materials affect the capacity of many people to buy the same. When the calamity occurs in a very widespread area or is stretched over a long period of time, it may cause a situation of starvation. A massive starvation can take the form of famine.

A16: A buffer stock of foodgrains is created by the government so as to distribute the procured foodgrains in the food-deficit areas and among the poorer strata of society at a price lower than the market price. A buffer stock helps resolve the problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during periods of calamity.

A17: Despite large increase in foodgrain production, we find people without food in India. Poor people suffer from chronic hunger. They find themselves unable to buy food. Over one-fifth of the country’s population still suffers from chronic hunger.