The Making of the National Movement Class 8 Revision Notes CBSE History Chapter 8

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Last Updated on August 26, 2024 by XAM CONTENT

Here you will find revision notes for CBSE Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 8 The Making of the National Movement. It is a part of Revision Notes for CBSE Class 8 Social Science Series.

The Making of the National Movement Class 8 Revision Notes CBSE History Chapter 8 (PDF Download)

Notes

  • As the people of India became conscious of their motherland and its resources and systems, people started realising that the British were exercising control over the resources of India and the lives of its people, and until this control was ended India could not be for Indians.
  • The Indian National Congress was established when 72 delegates from all over the country met at Bombay in December 1885.
  • The Moderate leaders wanted to develop public awareness about the unjust nature of the British rule. They published newspapers, wrote articles, and showed how the British rule was leading to the economic ruin of the country.
  • By the 1890 s many Indians began to raise questions about the political style of the Congress. They criticised the Moderates for their ‘politics of prayers’, and emphasised the importance of self-reliance and constructive work.
  • In 1905, Viceroy Curzon partitioned Bengal.
  • Mass protest and struggle that unfolded all around the country came to be known as the Swadeshi Movement.
  • Mahatma Gandhi arrived in India in 1915 from South Africa. He led to various non-violence movements like Rowlatt Satyagraha, Khilafat agitation, NonCooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, Dandi March and the Quit India Movement.
  • Revolutionary nationalists such as Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Sukhdev and others wanted to fight against the colonial rule and the rich exploiting classes through a revolution of workers and peasants.
  • The combined struggles of the Indian people bore fruit when the Government of India Act of 1935 prescribed provincial autonomy and the government announced elections to the provincial legislatures in 1937.
  • Communications and symbols of state authority were attacked all over the country.
  • Nationalists and leaders like Subhash Chandra Bose, C. Rajagopalachari, Sarojini Naidu, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel and the general people of India, all contributed immensely to the freedom movement.
  • Towards 1930s, the Muslim League began viewing the Muslims as a separate “nation” from the Hindus.
  • The joy of our country’s independence from the British rule came mixed with the pain and violence of Partition in 1947.

Important Keywords

  • Nationalization: A feeling of pride for one’s country.
  • Consciousness (noun): The state of being aware of and responsive to one’s surroundings. Origin: Latin conscius
  • Sovereign: Being independent without outside interference.
  • Furore (noun): An outbreak of public anger or excitement. Origin: Latin furor.
  • Publicist: Someone who publicises an idea by circulating information, writing reports, speaking of public meetings.
  • Swaraj: Self-government
  • Moderates: A group of Congress, who believed in peaceful struggles, had great faith in British rule.
  • Council: Anappointed or elected body of people with an administrative advisory or representative function.
  • Picket: A person or a group of people protesting outside a building or shop to prevent others from entering.
  • Boycott (verb): Withdraw from commercial or social relations as a punishment or protest. Origin: from the name of Captain Charles C. Boycott (1832-97), an Irish land agent so treated in 1880, in an attempt instigated by the Irish Land League to get rents reduced.
  • Monopoly (noun): The exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service. Origin: Latin monopolium
  • Formidable (adj.) : Inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense or capable. Origin: Middle English, from Latin formidabilis.
  • RSS: Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
  • Refugee: One who has been forced to leave his country or home due to some political, religious or social reasons.
  • Repression (noun): Origin: unknown
  • Rebellion (noun): An act of armed resistance to an established government or leader. Origin: Latin rebellis

Important Dates

  • 1878 : The Arms Act was passed, disallowing Indians from possessing arms.
  • December 1885 : The Indian National Congress was established when 72 delegates from all over the country met at Bombay.                        
  • 1905 : Viceroy Curzon partitioned Bengal.
  • 1906 : A group of Muslim landlords and nawabs formed the All India Muslim League at Dacca.          
  • 1907 : The Congress split.
  • 1915 : Congress was reunited again. Gandhiji arrived in India.
  • 1919 : Rowlatt Act that the British had just passed.
  • 13 April, 1919 : Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place
  • 1920 : The British imposed a harsh treaty on the Turkish Sultan or Khalifa.
  • February 1922 : Gandhiji abruptly called off the Non-Cooperation Movement when a crowd of peasants set a police station in Chauri Chaura on fire.
  • 17 December, 1928 : Bhagat Singh, Azad and Rajguru assassinated Saunders.
  • 26 January, 1930 : “Independence Day” was observed all over the country.
  • 6 April, 1930 : Dandi March.
  • 1935 : The Government of India Act of 1935 prescribed provincial autonomy to the provincial legislatures.
  • September 1939 : Second World War started.
  • 1942 : Quit India Movement.
  • January 1941 : Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose secretly left his Calcutta home, went to Singapore, via Germany, and raised the Azad Hind Fauj or the Indian National Army (INA).
  • March 1946 : the British cabinet sent a three-member mission to Delhi to examine this demand and to suggest a suitable political framework for a free India.
  • 16 August 1946 : “Direct Action Day”

We hope the given revision notes for The Making of the National Movement Class 8 helps you in your learning.

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CBSE Class 8 Social Science Revision Notes for all chapters

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