Last Updated on June 5, 2025 by XAM CONTENT
Mastering the important concepts in Class 11 Physics Chapter 11 – Thermodynamics is essential for scoring high marks in your exams. That’s why we’ve put together chapterwise multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers to help you revise effectively and boost your confidence. It is a part of MCQ Questions for CBSE Class 11 Physics Series.
These multiple-choice questions will help you assess your knowledge, improve accuracy, and boost confidence for your exams. Whether you are preparing for school tests, online tests or competitive exams, these Thermodynamics MCQs will strengthen your conceptual clarity.
| Chapter | Thermodynamics |
| Book | Physics for Class 11 |
| Type of Questions | MCQ Questions |
| Nature of Questions | Competency Based Questions |
| Board | CBSE |
| Class | 11 |
| Subject | Physics |
| Useful for | Class 11 Studying Students |
| Answers provided | Yes |
| Difficulty level | Mentioned |
| Important Link | Class 11 Physics Chapterwise MCQ Questions |
MCQ Questions on Thermodynamics Class 11 Physics (PDF Download)
MCQs
Q1. In thermodynamics, which of the following is a path function?
(a) Internal energy
(b) Work
(c) Temperature
(d) Pressure
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Work depends on the path taken between two states and is therefore a path function.
Q2. Which law of thermodynamics introduces the concept of temperature?
(a) First law
(b) Second law
(c) Zeroth law
(d) Third law
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics establishes the concept of thermal equilibrium and temperature.
Q3. In a cyclic process, the net change in internal energy is:
(a) Maximum
(b) Zero
(c) Equal to the work done
(d) Equal to the heat absorbed
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: In a cyclic process, the system returns to its initial state; thus, ∆U = 0.
Q4. A Carnot engine operates between 500 K and 300 K. Its efficiency is:
(a) 40%
(b) 60%
(c) 25%
(d) 70%
Show Answer
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Efficiency η = 1 – (T2/T1) = 1 – (300/500) = 0.4 or 40%.
Q5. For an ideal gas undergoing isothermal expansion, the internal energy:
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains constant
(d) Becomes zero
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature, which is constant in isothermal process.
Q6. In an adiabatic process, the system is:
(a) Perfectly conducting
(b) Thermally insulated
(c) Always at constant pressure
(d) Always at constant temperature
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: In adiabatic processes, no heat is exchanged due to thermal insulation.
Q7. Which of the following quantities is NOT a state function?
(a) Work
(b) Pressure
(c) Temperature
(d) Volume
Show Answer
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Work depends on the process path and is not a property of the system.
Q8. During an isobaric process, the work done by a gas is proportional to:
(a) Change in temperature
(b) Change in volume
(c) Pressure
(d) Mass of the gas
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: W = P∆V, so work done is proportional to volume change at constant pressure.
Q9. The internal energy of a monoatomic ideal gas is proportional to:
(a) T
(b) T²
(c) √T
(d) T1/3
Show Answer
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Internal energy U = (3/2)nRT, hence directly proportional to T.
Q10. Which process is both quasi-static and reversible?
(a) Rapid compression
(b) Free expansion
(c) Isothermal expansion with infinitesimal temperature difference
(d) Explosive chemical reaction
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Reversibility requires quasi-static changes with infinitesimal gradients and no dissipation.
Q11. According to the first law of thermodynamics, which of the following is true?
(a) ∆Q = ∆W – ∆U
(b) ∆U = ∆Q + ∆W
(c) ∆Q = ∆U + ∆W
(d) ∆U = ∆Q – ∆W
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: First law: Heat supplied = Change in internal energy + Work done by system.
Q12. In a Carnot engine, the ratio of heat rejected to heat absorbed is equal to:
(a) T1/T2
(b) T2/T1
(c) 1 – T2/T1
(d) ln(T2/T1)
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: For a Carnot cycle, Q2/Q1 = T2/T1.
Q13. Which thermodynamic process involves no change in volume?
(a) Isothermal
(b) Isochoric
(c) Isobaric
(d) Adiabatic
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Isochoric process means volume is constant.
Q14. For an adiabatic process in an ideal gas, PVγ = constant. What does γ represent?
(a) Ratio of pressure to volume
(b) Ratio of molar heat capacities Cp/Cv
(c) Universal gas constant
(d) Molar mass
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: γ = Cp/Cv for an ideal gas.
Q15. Which statement best defines a reversible process?
(a) System does no work
(b) Process occurs without any change
(c) System and surroundings can return to initial state
(d) System remains at constant temperature
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: A reversible process allows both system and surroundings to revert without any net change.
Q16. The efficiency of any real engine is always less than that of a Carnot engine due to:
(a) Ideal gas assumptions
(b) Practical limitations
(c) Friction and irreversibilities
(d) Low work output
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Real engines involve friction, losses, and non-quasi-static processes.
Q17. Which of the following pairs are both intensive properties?
(a) Volume and Temperature
(b) Mass and Pressure
(c) Pressure and Temperature
(d) Internal energy and Volume
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Intensive properties do not depend on the size of the system.
Q18. The Second Law of Thermodynamics prohibits:
(a) Conversion of energy
(b) Creation of energy
(c) Complete conversion of heat into work
(d) Absorption of heat
Show Answer
Answer: (c)
Explanation: It’s impossible for heat to be fully converted into work without losses.
Q19. Entropy is a measure of:
(a) Energy content
(b) Disorder in the system
(c) Work done
(d) Heat lost
Show Answer
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Entropy quantifies randomness or disorderness in a system.
Q20. A Carnot engine absorbs 500 J heat from a source at 600 K and rejects heat to a sink at 300 K. The work done is:
(a) 250 J
(b) 300 J
(c) 400 J
(d) 200 J
Show Answer
Answer: (a)
Explanation: η = 1 – T2/T1 = 0.5; work = η × Q1 = 0.5 × 500 = 250 J.
We hope the given mcq questions with Answers for Thermodynamics Class 11 helps you in your learning.
Also check
- Waves – Class 11 Physics Chapter 14 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Oscillations – Class 11 Physics Chapter 13 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Kinetic Theory – Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Thermodynamics – Class 11 Physics Chapter 11 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Thermal Properties of Matter – Class 11 Physics Chapter 10 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Mechanical Properties of Fluids – Class 11 Physics Chapter 9 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Mechanical Properties of Solids – Class 11 Physics Chapter 8 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Gravitation – Class 11 Physics Chapter 7 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- System of Particles and Rotational Motion – Class 11 Physics Chapter 6 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Work, Energy, and Power – Class 11 Physics Chapter 5 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Laws of Motion – Class 11 Physics Chapter 4 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Motion in a Plane – Class 11 Physics Chapter 3 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Motion in a Straight Line – Class 11 Physics Chapter 2 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
- Units and Measurements – Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 MCQ Questions with Answers (Updated)
🚀 Boost Your Exam Prep: Get MCQ Questions for all subjects (Class 6-12) now!
👉 Explore more resources on CBSE Class 11
Topics from which mcq questions may be asked
- Zeroth and first law of thermodynamics
- Heat engines
- Specific heat and internal energy
Thermodynamics explains how energy transforms and flows in nature.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Thermodynamics MCQ Questions
Q1: What is the best way to prepare for Class 11 Physics MCQ questions?
A1: The best way is to study NCERT concepts thoroughly, practice topicwise MCQs regularly, and focus on understanding fundamental principles rather than rote learning. Solving previous year MCQs and mock tests can boost accuracy and speed.
Q2: Are NCERT questions enough for Class 11 Physics MCQ-based exams?
A2: NCERT forms the base for all CBSE Physics MCQs. However, for better preparation, students should solve additional MCQs from reference books and practice HOTS and competency-based questions to develop deeper conceptual clarity.
Q3: Where can I find chapterwise Class 11 Physics MCQ questions with answers?
A3: You can find chapterwise MCQ questions with answers and detailed explanations on trusted educational platforms like xamcontent.com and physicsgurukul.com. These cover both basic and advanced-level questions.
Q4: Do CBSE Class 11 exams include MCQs?
A4: Yes, as per the latest CBSE exam pattern, objective questions, including MCQs, are part of the final exam paper. MCQs test conceptual understanding and application skills.
Q5: How to score high in Class 11 Physics MCQs?
A5: To score high, understand the theory from NCERT, solve a variety of MCQs (basic, conceptual, numerical), and regularly revise formulas and diagrams. Avoid guesswork and focus on time management during tests.
Q6: What are competency-based MCQs in Class 11 Physics?
A6: Competency-based MCQs assess a student’s ability to apply concepts in real-life or unfamiliar scenarios. These questions go beyond textbook definitions and require logical reasoning and application of physics principles.
