The Delhi Sultans Class 7 Revision Notes CBSE History Chapter 3

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Last Updated on August 2, 2024 by XAM CONTENT

Here you will find revision notes for CBSE Class 7 Social Science History Chapter 3 The Delhi Sultans. It is a part of Revision Notes for CBSE Class 7 Social Science Series.

CBSE	Class 7 History
Useful for	Class 7 Students
Subject	Social Science – History
Chapter	The Delhi Sultans
Type	Revision Notes
Covers	Notes Important Keywords Important Dates

Table of Contents

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The Delhi Sultans Class 7 Revision Notes CBSE History Chapter 3 (PDF Download)

Notes

Delhi emerged as an important city in the 12th century as the capital of the Tomara Rajputs.
The Tomaras were defeated by the Chahamanas (Chauhans) in the mid- 12th century.
Jain temples were built and Delhi also emerged as a busy commercial centre.
Coins called Delhiwal were minted and were in wide circulation.
The transformation of Delhi took place under the Delhi Sultans.
Valuable histories composed by court historians, travellers, administrators, poets and merchants that were called TWARIKH and were written in Persian.
These writers were urban settlers who at times also advised the Sultan. They mainly wrote in praise of the Sultan to gain rich favours.
Minhaj-i-Siraj observed that Raziya Sultan was more capable than the sons of Iltutmish. However, he expressed discontent in a woman being a ruler. Consequently, Raziya was deposed and killed in 1240.

Formation and Expansion of the Delhi Sultanate

In the early 13 th century the control of the Sultanate was limited only to the fortified areas and not the hinterland.
Revenue was dependent on trade, loot and plunder.
Control of the Sultan could easily break due to natural calamities and rebellions.
Mongol invasions and rebellions by Afghan chiefs were a constant threat to the stability of the empire.
The first expansions occurred under Ghiyasuddin Balban, Alauddin Khalji and Muhammad-bin-Tughluq.
Their armies cleared the Ganga-Jamuna Doab, expelled nomads, tribals and pastoralists and distributed the land among peasants. They cultivated the land and paid taxes to the Sultan.
Trade and commerce were encouraged.

Administration and Rule under the Khaljis and Tughluqs

Appointment of military commanders called iqtadars or muftis as governors of provinces called iqtas.
Salary was in the form of land revenue assignments in lieu the iqtadars rendered military service.
Maintenance of armies and soldiers out of these revenue assignments.
The office of the muqti was not hereditary and depended upon the will of the Sultan.
Accountants kept a check on the accounts of the revenue collections. Supervision was maintained on the number of soldiers maintained by Muqtis.
Local chieftains were subdued and forced to pay taxes. Many of them converted to revenue collectors for the Sultan.

The Sultanate in the 15th and 16th Centuries

The rule of the Tughluqs was succeeded by the Sayyids and the Lodis.
Central control had greatly declined and independent states in Gujarat, Malwa, Rajasthan and Bengal had emerged.

Important Keywords

Birth Right: Privileges claimed on account of birth. Nobles used to inherit the right to rule because they were born in royal families.
Gender Distinctions: Social and biological discriminations between men and women. Usually, these discriminations are used to prove that men are superior to women.
Dehliwal: Coin minted in Delhi. The kingdom under Tomara Rajputs is called Dehliwal.
Hinterland: The lands adjacent to a city or port that supply raw materials, goods, and services.
Garrison Town: A fortified settlement with soldiers.
Masjid: Arabic word of mosque. In Arabic Masjid means a place where a Muslim prostrates before Allah.
Namaz: Prayer.
Qibla: The position of standing facing Mecca during namaz.
Khutba: Sermon during the prayers of Friday, Eid and Eid-ul-Adha.
Client: Someone who is protected by another person, a dependent, or hangeron.
Iqta: The lands or territories under the governance of military commanders.
Tarikh: Histories of events in governance written in Persian by learned men, poets, courtiers, administrators, and secretaries.
Mongols: East-central Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia.
Kharaj: A type of individual Islamic tax on agricultural land and its produce developed under Islamic law.
Jagir: A piece of land given to the officials of the kingdom.
Patwari: The officer who kept the local and revenue record.
Jital: A copper made coin.
Tanka: A silver coin introduced by Iltutmish.